2015-08-21
1182
A. We usually make questions by changing the word order: we put the first auxiliary verb (AV) before the subject (S):
Tom will -> will Tom?
* Will Tom be here tomorrow?
you have -> have you?
* Have you been working hard?
I can -> can I?
* What can I do? (not 'What I can do?')
the house was -> was the house?
* When was the house built? (not 'When was built the house?')
B. In present simple questions, we use do/does:
you live -> do you live?
* Do you live near here?
the film begins -> does the film begin?
* What time does the film begin? (not 'What time begins...?')
In past simple questions, we use did:
you sold -> did you sell?
* Did you sell your car?
the accident happened -> did the accident happen?
* How did the accident happen?
But do not use do/does/did in questions if who/what/which is the subject of the sentence. Compare:
who object
Emma telephoned _somebody._(object)
_Who_(object) did Emma telephone?
who subject
_Somebody_(subject) telephoned Emma.
_Who_(subject) telephoned Emma?
In these examples, who/what/which is the subject:
* Who wants something to eat? (not 'Who does want')
* What happened to you last night? (not 'What did happen')
* Which bus goes to the city centre? (not 'Which bus does go')
C. Note the position of prepositions in questions beginning Who/What/Which/Where...?:
* Who do you want to speak to?
* What was the weather like yesterday?
* Which job has Jane applied for?
* Where do you come from?
D. Negative questions (isn't it...?/didn't you...?)
We use negative questions especially to show surprise:
* Didn't you hear the bell? I rang it four times.
or when we expect the listener to agree with us:
* 'Haven't we met somewhere before 'Yes, I think we have.'
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* Isn't it a beautiful day! (= It's a beautiful day, isn't it?)
Note the meaning of yes and no in answers to negative questions:
* Don't you want to go to the party? Yes. (=Yes, I want to go)
* Don't you want to go to the party?.No. (=No, I don't want to go)
Note the word order in negative questions beginning Why...?:
* Why don't we go out for a meal tonight? (not 'Why we don't...')
* Why wasn't Mary at work yesterday? (not 'Why Mary wasn't...')
EXERCISES
Ask Liz questions. (Look at her answers before you write the questions.)
1. (where/from?) Where are you from?
_From London originally._
2. (where/live/now?) Where ---
In Manchester.
3. (married?) ---
Yes.
4. (how long/married?) ---
12 years.
5. (children?) ---
Yes, three boys.
6. (how old/they?) ---
4, 7 and 9.
7. (what/husband/do?) ---
He's a policeman.
8. (he/enjoy his job?) ---
Yes, very much.
9. (arrest anyone yesterday?) ---
I don't know.
10. (how often/go/on holiday?) ---
Usually once a year.
11. (where/next year?) ---
We don't know yet.
