Circle the correct answer

0 We can’t / couldn’t / may not drive to the beach. We haven’t decided yet.

1 I don’t believe it! They can’t / may not / mustn’t be the winners! They were awful!

2 She could / may / must have a lot of money. She buys very expensive clothes.

3 He can’t / couldn’t / may not come to the party. I don’t know if he’s free on Saturday.

4 £11.00 and £3.99 is £25.98? That can’t / may not / mustn’t be right!

5 I could / can’t / mustn’t get a job in the holidays, but I’m not sure that I will.

6 What’s the time? It can’t / might / must be very early. It’s still dark.

7 We might j can’t / mustn’t stay at home. It depends how tired we are.

8 There can’t / couldn’t / might not be many buses early in the morning. I don’t know.

Complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first, using the word in bold. Use between two and five words.

0 I’m sure that’s Rob’s bag. must

That...... must be...... Rob’s bag.

1 Maybe he’s in the cafeteria, could

He........................... in the cafeteria.

2 Perhaps he’ll come back for it. might

He........................... back for it.

3 Maybe I won’t see him this evening. may

I........................... him this evening.

4 Perhaps Jamie knows his address. Might.

Jamie........................... his address.

5 I’m sure somebody has it. Must

Somebody........................... it.

7. Complete the letter. Use must, may (not), might (not), could or can’t There may be more than one possible answer.

Congratulations on your exam results! You (0)...... must...... be really pleased!

I’m, looking forward to seeing you next month. I’m thinking of things we can do. We (1)........................ get bored here, so let's try to go to London. There (2)........................ be a good show on. I’llcheck. We can also visit Jane in Scotland. I've never been- to her house, but I know it’s in a small village outside Edinburgh, so it(3)........................be beautiful! It (4)........................be big enough for all of us, though - I don’t know. If we can’t stay there, we can easily stay in a hostel. It (5)........................be difficult to find one.

Speculating about the past

• We use must/may/might/could/can’t + have + past participle to speculate about the past, to show how certain we are that something happened.

• We use must + have + past participle when we are certain that something happened:

I sent the letter two weeks ago. He must have received it.

• We use may/might/could + have + past participle when we think it’s possible that something happened: She might have left.

• We use may/might not + have + past participle (but not couldn’t) when we think it’s possible that something didn’t happen: They may not have seen us.

• We use can’t + have + past participle when we think it’s impossible that something happened. Notice the difference between may/might not have and can’t have: She might not have passed her exam. (= It’s possible that she didn’t pass.) She can’t have passed her exam! (= It’s impossible that she passed.)

Complete the sentences. Use must have or might (not) have and the verbs in