Historical development of lexicography. Types of dictionaries

Lexicography is the theory and practice of compiling dictionaries. The first glosses appeared at the Old English period and were of religious content. Regular bilingual dictionaries appeared in XV century. 1604 – the first unilingual dictionary explaining different words was made by R. Cowdry. 1721 – the first etymological dictionary was made by N. Bailey for philologists. 1775 – S. Johnson compiled explanatory dictionary which influenced the development of lexicography and normalization of the English language. In 1858, Dr. Trench’s suggested compiling a dictionary including all the words of the English language. In 1928 the work on New English Dictionary containing 12 volumes was finished. It was republished as “The Oxford English Dictionary” in 1933 with 2 shortened versions – “A Shorter Oxford Dictionary” with the same amount of articles but fewer examples from literature and “A Concise Oxford Dictionary” including only modern words. The representative of American lexicography Noah Webster published his1st dictionary in 1806, and in 1828 – his 2-volume dictionary. In his works he tried to simplify spelling and transcription.

Dictionaries

Linguistic Encyclopedic

GeneralSpecialized

Explanatory Synonyms

Translation Collocations

Slang

Phraseologisms

Theoretical Grammar: aims, tasks and connections with other branches of linguistics. The main branches of theoretical grammar

Theoretical grammar is a branch of linguistics investigating grammatical connections between the words in word combinations and sentences.

Subbranches of theoretical grammar:

1) Morphology;

2) Grammatical categories;