Production Product writing

Aims of language teaching. Communicative language teaching. Communicative competence and its levels. Aids of language teaching.

Key terminology

aims of language teaching - цели преподавания языка
aim – what the teacher tries to achieve in the lesson or course
EAP – English for academic purposes - английский для академических целей

ESP – English for specific purposes - английский язык для специальных целей

Method – (methodology) A way of approaching or doing a particular activity, e.g. use modern/new/traditional methods in language teaching; a set of methods, e.g. changes in the methodology of language teaching

Technique

communicative competence - the ability to communicate in a target (изучаемом) language for meaningful purposes. Such ability requires the use of language skills together in social interaction (взаимодействии).

levels of communicative competence -level the level of a learner's language ability. (How much language the learner knows and can use)

target language – 1. The language which is the focus of the lesson or a part of the lesson. It could be grammar, lexis, functions or pronunciation. 2. The language being studied (often called the L2) - изучаемый язык.

target culture – The traditions and culture of the country whose language is being studied - культура страны изучаемого языка.

L1 - first language (L1 is the learner’s mother (родной) tongue or first language; L2 is the learner’s second language.)
L2 – second language
FL

skill(s): The four language skills are listening, speaking, reading and writing.
productive skills -When learners produce language. Speaking and writing are productive skills.
receptive skills -When learners do not have to produce language; listening and reading are receptive skills.

Attitudes

teaching aids - aids are the things that a teacher uses in a class, e.g. handouts, pictures, flashcards. When teachers plan lessons they think about what aids they will need. - вспомогательные материалы
coursebook: A coursebook or textbook is used regularly by learners in the class. It generally contains grammar, vocabulary and skills work and follows a syllabus. A coursebook unit is a chapter of a coursebook.

Student’s book

teachers’ book -A teacher’s book accompanies the coursebook, and contains teaching ideas, audio scripts and answers to coursebook activities.
activity book -An activity book or workbook contains extra practice activities and is often used for homework. It usually accompanies a coursebook.
CD -Part of a material (in video or DVD form) which can be used in class.

Technology in language teaching

flipchart -A pad (подложка) of large sheets of paper fixed to a stand, which teachers use for presenting information to the class.

overhead projector -A piece of equipment that makes images appear on a wall or screen. It can be used in a classroom instead of a whiteboard or blackboard

LCD projector

Transparency - Overhead transparency (OHT)

The plastic sheet a teacher can write on and use with an overhead projector (OHP).

handout – ( worksheet) A piece of paper with exercises, activities or tasks on it that a teacher gives to learners for a range of reasons during a class or for reference or homework.

 

Teaching vocabulary

Key terminology

vocabulary skill Individual words or sets of words, e.g. homework, study, whiteboard, get dressed, be on time.

meaning What a word expresses

spelling write or say the letters of a word in their proper order

pronunciation enunciation, articulation, expression; manner of expression; accent, unique style of pronunciation belonging to an individual

Presentation Presentation noun, present verb

1. When the teacher introduces new language usually by focusing on it, often by using the board and speaking to the

whole class.

2. When a learner or learners gives a talk to their class or group.

Practice Controlled practice, restricted practice

When learners use the target language repeatedly and productively in situations in which they have little or no

choice of what language they use. The teacher and learners focus on accurate use of the target language.

Production Product writing

An approach to writing which involves analysing and then reproducing models of particular text types.

Productive skills

When learners produce language. Speaking and writing are productive skills.

Brainstorm To think of ideas (usually quickly) about a topic (often noting these down). This is often done as preparation before a

writing or speaking activity.

crossword puzzle A word game in which learners complete a grid. Learners write the answers to clues in the squares on the grid. It is

often used to review and consolidate vocabulary.

Flashcard A card with words, sentences or pictures on it. A teacher can use these to explain a situation, tell a story, teach

vocabulary etc. See cue card, prompt card.

ways of presenting/illustrating meaning – способы семантизации Presentation noun, present verb

1. When the teacher introduces new language usually by focusing on it, often by using the board and speaking to the

whole class.

2. When a learner or learners gives a talk to their class or group.

lexical set A group of words or phrases that are about the same content topic or subject, e.g. weather – storm, to rain, wind,

cloudy.