The evolution of the first ICT to our current form of ICT goes through 4 stages, Premechanical, Mechanical, Electromechanical and Electronic

Premechanical. This is the earliest age of information technology. The communication methods during this time included mostly oral communication, as well as some of the very first alphabets. This is where we see hieroglyphics and the Phoenician alphabet. The premechanical age of technology is the earliest known form of ICT. It can be defined as the time between 3000B.C. and 1450A.D. (was created abacus).

Mechanical. Many new technologies came about in this era as interest in ICT grew. During this period, Charles Babbage created the first sort of calculator and a mechanical computer was manufactured by Blaise Pascal. The mechanical age can be defined as the time between 1450 and 1840. Blaise Pascal invented the Pascaline which was a very popular mechanical computer. Charles Babbage developed the difference engine which tabulated polynomial equations using the method of finite differences.

Electromechanical. This was the beginning of telecommunications. Famous inventions such as the telephone, morse code and telegraph came about in this time. The very first automatic digital computer was created during this period also. The electromechanical age can be defined as the time between 1840 and 1940. These are the beginnings of telecommunication. The telegraph was created in the early 1800s. Morse code was created by Samuel Morse in 1835. The telephone (one of the most popular forms of communication ever) was created by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876. The first radio developed by Guglielmo Marconi in 1894

Electronic. This is the age we live in today. In our current society, we are using all kinds of technology to communicate such as texting, tweeting, social media and smartphones. The electronic age is what we currently live in. It can be defined as the time between 1940 and right now. The ENIAC was the first high-speed, digital computer capable of being reprogrammed to solve a full range of computing problems.

Future of Technology.

As our needs grow and our ideas expand, there is an endless expansion of technology available. New inventions could see us going inside virtual worlds, or maybe even inhabiting outer space...

Only time will tell what the future of technology will hold.

 

Explain the standards inthefieldof ICT

Information technology (IT) in general

Information technology.

1. Information technology. Telecommunication networks.
2. Information technology. Set of standards for automated systems.
3. Information protection. Technical means of information protection. Emitters of radiation. General technical requirements -
4. Information protection. Technical means of information protection. Spatial noise generators.
5. The quality of official information.
6. Information technology. Methods and means of ensuring security. Information security management systems.
7. Means of computer facilities. Protection against unauthorized access to information.
8. Means of computer facilities. Protection against unauthorized access to information.
9. Electronic information interchange. Terms and Definitions
10. Safety of Information Technology Equipment

Explain development of necessary infrastructure of electronic payments and logistics

Examples of the e-Technology include e-Commerce, e-Business, e-Procurement and e-Logistics.

Smart card – a plastic card containing a processor and memory chip. It can be used to store large amounts of confidential data.

A smart card, typically a type of chip card, is a plastic card that contains an embedded computer chip–either a memory or microprocessor type–that stores and transacts data. This data is usually associated with either value, information, or both and is stored and processed within the card's chip. The card data is transacted via a reader that is part of a computing system. Systems that are enhanced with smart cards are in use today throughout several key applications, including healthcare, banking, entertainment, and transportation. All applications can benefit from the added features and security that smart cards provide. According to Eurosmart, worldwide smart card shipments will grow 10% in 2010 to 5.455 billion cards. Markets that have been traditionally served by other machine readable card technologies, such as barcode and magnetic stripe, are converting to smart cards as the calculated return on investment is revisited by each card issuer year after year.