Выполнитe устно лексические упражнения

Text N 1: SEASONS AND WEATHER

1. Прочтите и выучите новые слова:

in the open air – на открытом воздухе. Children must spend a lot of time in the open air.

to appear – появляться. First spring flowers appear in May.

to bathe [beID] – купаться. It is pleasant to bathe on a hot summer day.

to become – становиться. I want to become a doctor.

bright - яркий; a bright summer day

to change - меняться; to change for the better – изменяться к лучшему

change – изменение. There is a change in the time-table. You need a change.

cloud – облако. There are no clouds in the sky.

cloudy – пасмурный. It is cloudy today.

in the country – за городом; to go to the country; to live in the country

dark – тёмный. It is dark in the room, switch on the light;

dark clouds – тучи

to enjoy – наслаждаться, получать удовольствие. I enjoy listening to such music.

everybody – все, каждый. Everybody knows it.

everywhere – везде, повсюду. One can see a great many different flowers everywhere at the end of spring.

to freeze - морозить. It is freezing hard. The river is not frozen yet.

fresh - свежий; fresh air

to go in for – заниматься чем-л.; to go in for sports

to go on – продолжать. Go on reading, please.

ground – земля. Don’t sit on the ground, it is still cold.

inside – внутри помещения (дома). It is warm inside.

leaf (pl. leaves) – лист. Fresh green leaves appear in the trees in spring.

little by little – постепенно. Little by little we are mastering English.

to look – выглядеть. You look better today.

to look (to be) like – быть похожим на. You look like your brother. It looks like rain.

night – ночь. In winter the nights are long. at night – ночью

outside – снаружи, вне помещения (на улице). It is cold outside. Let’s go outside.

pleasant ['pleznt] – приятный. It is pleasant to walk after a busy day at the Institute.

to rain – идти (о дожде); rain – дождь. It often rains in autumn.

season – время года. Which season do you like best? My favourite season is spring.

shine - светить; to shine brightly

to skate = to go skating – кататься на коньках. Can you skate? How often do you go skating in winter?

to ski = to go skiing – кататься на лыжах. It is pleasant to ski in the country on a bright winter day.

sky – небо. There are dark clouds in the sky.

to snow – идти (о снеге); snow – снег. There is little snow on the ground this winter. Sometimes it snows even in May.

so – так. It is so cold today.

to spend – проводить. I like to spend my holidays in the country.

sun – солнце. The sun is shining brightly in the sky.

to swim – плавать. In summer we can go swimming and bathing.

than – чем. My daughter skates better than yours.

warm - тёплый; to wash with warm water

weather ['weDq] – погода. In such weather it’s better to stay inside. What is the weather like today?

windy - ветреный; wind – ветер. It is windy.

yellow – жёлтый. There are a lot of yellow leaves on the ground in autumn.

yet – ещё. It is not getting light yet.

There appear dark clouds in the sky. – На небе появляются тучи.

athletics (track-and-field) – легкая атлетика

aquatics – водный спорт

to go fishing – удить рыбу

to go hunting – ходить на охоту

to go rowing / boating – кататься на лодке (rowing - гребля)

to go swimming – плавать

to go yachting ['jOtIN] – кататься на яхте (yachting – парусный спорт)

to go motoring – ездить на машине (motor racing - мотогонки)

to go riding – ездить верхом на лошади

to go cycling – ездить на велосипеде

to go skiing – кататься на лыжах

to go skating – кататься на коньках

to go mountaineering – заниматься альпинизмом

to play chess – играть в шахматы

to play football (soccer) – играть в футбол

To play basketball / volleyball

To play (table) tennis / badminton

To play hockey

2. Прочтите и переведите текст:

SEASONS AND WEATHER

There are four seasons in a year: spring, summer, autumn and winter. Every season lasts about three months.

Winter usually begins in December and ends in March. It is cold in winter and often snows. There is much snow on the ground. It gets dark early in the evening. It gets light late in the morning. In winter we have the shortest days and the longest nights. It is difficult and unpleasant to get up early in the morning in winter because it is dark and cold.

But winter is a good time for sports. In winter we can go in for such kinds of sport as skating and skiing. It is very pleasant to go skiing in the country on a bright sunny day. At the end of winter the sun begins to shine as brightly as in spring, but it is not so warm as in spring yet.

Spring comes at the end of March. The sun begins to shine more brightly, the days become longer and the first spring flowers appear everywhere. Everything is so fresh and so beautiful, even people look younger. Everybody enjoys the beginning of spring. Most people say that spring is the best season of the year.

At the beginning of spring it is still cold, but at the end of it, it gets much warmer. Sometimes it rains. Of course, in spring it is much warmer than in winter but it is not so warm as in summer.

Summer is the warmest season of the year. It begins in June and ends in August. In summer it gets light early in the morning and it gets dark late in the evening. In summer we have the longest days and the shortest nights. It often rains but the rain is warm and does not last long. Most people have their holidays in summer and spend a lot of time in the open air. It is not pleasant to stay in town in summer, and most people leave town for the country. We can swim and bathe, we can play tennis and football. We enjoy our holidays if the weather is fine.

After summer comes autumn. Autumn is a beautiful season. Many people say that autumn is the most beautiful season of the year. Autumn is very beautiful at the beginning when it is still warm and the trees are getting yellow and red. They look so beautiful. There are a lot of brown, yellow and red leaves everywhere on the ground. Little by little the days become shorter and the nights become longer. It gets colder and colder. In October and November is often rains. Sometimes it even snows. It gets windy. There appear dark clouds in the sky. Of course, it is not so cold as in winter yet, but we know that winter is coming. It is more pleasant to stay inside than to be outside. Some people say that this is the worst time of the year.

3. Ответьте на вопросы по тексту:

1. How many seasons are there in a year? 2. What are they? 3. How long does every season last? 4. When does winter begin (end)? 5. Is it warm or cold in winter? 6. Are the days long or short in winter? 7. Does it often snow in winter? 8. Is there much snow on the ground? 9. Is winter a good time for sports? 10. What kinds of winter sports do you know? 11. When does spring come? 12. Is it as cold in spring as in winter? 13. Summer is the warmest season of the year, isn’t it? 14. When does it begin (end)? 15. How long does summer last? 16. Do people spend much time in the open air in summer? 17. Is summer a good time for sports? 18. What kinds of summer sports do you know? 19. What is the first autumn month? 20. What colour are the trees in autumn? 21. Do the days get shorter in autumn? 22. Does it often rain in autumn? 23. What season do you like best? Why? 24. What is the weather like today? 25. What weather are we having today?

Выполнитe устно лексические упражнения

1. Переведите на русский язык следующие словосочетания:

to stay inside; a beautiful season; a lot of leaves; on the ground; the last autumn month; the winter sun; fresh air; kinds of sport; of course; to live in the country; to go to the country; country life; town life; to leave town for the country; to go skating; a dark night; to enjoy the book; to shine brightly; to become an engineer; late in the morning; warm weather; little by little; to look younger; cloudy weather; in the sky; dark clouds; to be outside; to change for the better.

2. Переведите следующие слова, словосочетания и предложения на английский язык:

а) заниматься спортом; ехать за город; на небе; ходить на лыжах; вечером; летом; в начале лета; конечно; на земле; даже; всё ещё; летний день; на открытом воздухе;

б) 1. В воскресенье мы обычно ездим за город. 2. Погода хорошая, пойдём купаться. 3. Я не умею кататься на коньках. 4. Кто плавает лучше – ты или твой брат? 5. Осенью часто идёт дождь. 6. Сейчас идёт снег. 7. Приятно пройтись пешком в такой тёплый солнечный день. 8. Мой брат хочет стать врачом. 9. Дни становятся длиннее, а ночи короче. 10. Темнеет, тебе пора спать. 11. Кто из них моложе? 12. Каким спортом вы занимаетесь? 13. Похоже на дождь. 14. Я хочу, чтобы моя дочь занималась теннисом. 15. Светает, пора вставать.