Glossary bibliography

[G.1] Meier, A., Olofsson, T., Lamberts, R. 2002. What is the Energy Efficient Building? Materias of “IX Encontro Nacional de Technologia do Ambiente Construido”. Access: http://www.infohab.org.br/entac2014/2002/Artigos/ENTAC2002_0003_12.pdf (visit date: 12.05.2017)

[G.2] Definition of HVAC. Access: http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/HVAC.html (visit date16.05.2017)

[G.3] About Jacques Rougerie. Access: http://www.fondation-jacques-rougerie.com/presentation (visit 18.05.2017)

[G.4] Definition of BCA Green Mark assessment tool. Access: https://www.bca.gov.sg/greenmark/green_mark_criteria.html (visit date: 18.05.2017)

 

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Jerry Yudelson - is the author of 13 full-length professional and trade books on green buildings, integrated design, green homes, water conservation, building performance and sustainable development. Dubbed 'The Godfather of Green: by Wired Magazine, his passion for optimizing the built environment is reflected by his many years of professional experience in the green building and certification fields, serving as an elected LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) Fellow and as president of the Green Building Initiative. Jerry also served on the national board of the USGBC (The U.S. Green Building Council) and chaired the Steering Committee for the largest green building show, Greenbuild, from 2004 to 2009. [G.1]

Sustainability - is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. It contains within it two key concepts:

- The concept of “needs”, in particular the essential needs of the world’s poor, to which overriding priority should be given;

- The idea of limitations imposed by the state of technology and social organization on the environment’s ability to meet present and future needs. [G.2]

Green building - the ideal green building would be a building project that would allow you to preserve most of the natural environment around the project site, while still being able to produce a building that is going to serve a purpose. The construction and operation will promote a healthy environment for all involved, and it will not disrupt the land, water, resources and energy in and around the building. [G.3]

Ecological restoration -is the practice of renewing and restoring degraded, damaged, or destroyed ecosystems and habitats in the environmentally active human intervention and action. Restoration ecology is commonly used for the academic study of the process, whereas ecological restoration is commonly used for the actual project or process by restoration practitioners. [G. 4]

Passive solar design - in passive solar building design, windows, walls, and floors are made to collect, store, and distribute solar energy in the form of heat in the winter and reject solar heat in the summer. it does not involve the use of mechanical and electrical devices. The key to design a passive solar building is to best take advantage of the local climate performing an accurate site analysis. Elements to be considered include window placement and size, and glazing type, thermal insulation, thermal mass, and shading. Passive solar design techniques can be applied most easily to new buildings, but existing buildings can be adapted or "retrofitted". [G.5, G.6]

Solar architecture - is the integration of passive solar, active solar or solar panel technology with modern building techniques. The use of flexible thin-film photovoltaic modules provides fluid integration with steel roofing profiles, enhancing the building's design. [G.7]

Green design, or Green architecture - is an approach to building that minimizes harmful effects on human health and the environment. The "green" architect or designer attempts to safeguard air, water, and earth by choosing eco-friendly building materials and construction practices. [G.8]

Greenhouse gas - is a gas that absorbs infrared radiation (IR) and radiates heat in all directions. The more of these gases that exists, the more heat is prevented from escaping into space and, consequently, the more the earth heats. This increase in heat is called the greenhouse effect. Common examples of greenhouse gases, listed in order of abundance, include: water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, ozone, and any fluorocarbons. Since the dawn of the industrial age in the 1750s, however, carbon dioxide alone has increased by 40%.[G.9]

Energy efficiency - is the goal to reduce the amount of energy required to provide products and services. For example, insulating a home allows a building to use less heating and cooling energy to achieve and maintain a comfortable temperature. [G.10]

Zero-Net-Energy (ZNE) building - is “an energy-efficient building where, on a source energy basis, the actual annual delivered energy is less than or equal to the on-site renewable exported energy.” [G.11]

Cloud-based (and data-driven) energy management, enables central monitoring and management of multiple sites regardless of geographical location. Delivers energy performance and analysis information over the cloud via any internet enabled device (example cylon.com). [G.12]

Energy performance disclosure,report of the buildings energy performance by the owners (e.g. New York City Green Buildings and Energy Efficiency http://www.nyc.gov/html/gbee/html/about/about.shtml [G.13]

Solar power -is the use of the sun’s energy either directly as thermal energy (heat) or through the use of photovoltaic cells in solar panels and transparent photovoltaic glass to generate electricity. [G.14]

Cloud computing, the practice of using a network of remote servers hosted on the Internet to store, manage,

and process data, rather than a local server or a personal computer. [G.15]

“2030 District” - are unique private/public partnerships in designated urban areas across North America committed to reducing energy use, water use, and transport emissions. [G.16]

Photovoltaics (PVs) - is a term which covers the conversion of light into electricity using semiconducting materials that exhibit the photovoltaic effect, a phenomenon studied in physics, photochemistry, and electrochemistry. A typical photovoltaic system employs solar panels, each comprising a number of solar cells, which generate electrical power. PV installations may be ground-mounted, rooftop mounted or wall mounted. The mount may be fixed, or use a solar tracker to follow the sun across the sky. Solar PV has specific advantages as an energy source: its operation generates no pollution and no greenhouse gas emissions once installed, it shows simple scalability in respect of power needs and silicon has large availability in the Earth’s crust. [G.17]

Grid Parity (or socket parity), occurs when an alternative energy source can generate power at a levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) that is less than or equal to the price of purchasing power from the electricity grid. The term is most commonly used when discussing renewable energy sources, notably solar power and wind power. Grid parity depends upon whether you are calculating from the point of view of a utility or of a retail consumer.

Сетевой паритет происходит, когда нормированная стоимость электроэнергии, получаемой с помощью альтернативных источников электричества, меньше либо равняется цене электричества из сети, добываемого традиционными станциями (ТЭС, ГЭС и АЭС). Термин применяется для возобновляемых источников энергии, главным образом солнечной энергии и ветроэнергетики. Для разных зон на земном шаре сетевой паритет будет разным. Достижение сетевого паритета происходит в точке, которая позволяет альтернативному источнику энергии конкурировать без государственной поддержки и субсидий. [G.18]

Grey water (graywater, gray water) or sullage is all wastewater generated in households or office buildings from streams without fecal contamination, i.e. all streams except for the wastewater from toilets. Sources of greywater include, e.g. sinks, showers, baths, clothes washing machines or dish washers. [G.19]

“ Starchitect”, is a word used to describe architects whose celebrity and critical acclaim have transformed them into idols of the architecture world and may even have given them some degree of fame amongst the general public. Celebrity status is generally associated with avant-gardist novelty. [G.20]

Construction21, has been initiated by IFPEB (French Institute for Energy Performance in Building) and developed by a consortium of 9 European partners: French Institute for Energy Performance in Building (project coordinator), International Information and Resources Center on Sustainable Development (IT partner), German Sustainable Building Council, PE INTERNATIONAL AG, Italian Construction Contractors’ Association, Regional Union of Chambers of Commerce of Veneto, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Romania Green Building Council, UNESCO Chair in Life Cycle and Climate Change. In 2012 Construction21 launched six national platforms in France, Germany, Italy, Lithuania, Romania and Spain. They are linked together via a central platform in English connected to BUILD UP, the European Commission website dedicated to Energy efficiency in buildings. Direct links allow each user to easily access information from the different platforms developed by each country proceeding from other countries. From 2013, Construction21 began to spread throughout Europe and other continents and already covers Belgium, Luxemburg, Algeria, Morrocco and China. Brazil, Ivory Coat, USA should be the next countries to open, on the path to our goal: reach 50 platforms across the world by 2020.