What are cache memory, DIMM, and virtual memory?

What is the system unit?

The system unit is a container that houses most of the electronic components that make up a computer system.

Describe and compare the 5 most common types of personal computer.,

Laptops desktops, tablets, smartphones, wearable computers

What are tower units

Desktop system units that are placed vertically are something referred to as a tower unit or tower computer.

What is an all-one

Some desktop computers, have their monitor and system unit in the same case.

What is a ultrabook

Ultraportable or mini notebooks, which are lighter and thinner with longer battery life then most laptops.

What is a mini tablet

Type of a tablet with the smallest screen

What is the system board, and what does it do

The system board controls communications for the entire computer system. All device are connected to system board.

Define and describe sockets, slots and bus lines

Sockets, provide a connection point for small specialized electronic parts called chips.

Slots provide a connection point for specialized cards or circuit boards. These cards provide expansion capability for a computer system.

Connecting lines called bus lines provide pathways that support communication among the various electronic components that are either located on the System board/or attached to the system board.

What are chips? How are chips attached to the system board?

Chips consist of tiny circuit boards etched onto squares of sand like material called silicon. These circuit boards very small. These carriers plug either directly into sockets on the system board or onto cards that are then plugged into slots on the system board. Sockets are used to connect the system board to a variety of different types of chips, including microprocessor and memory chips,

Name and describe the two components of a microprocessor.

It has two basic components: the control unit and the arithmetic-logic unit

 

Control unit: The control unit tells the Fest of the computer system how to carry out a programmers instructions, It directs the movement of electronic signals between memory, which temporarily holds data instructions, and processed information, and the arithmetic-logic unit It also directs these,control signals between the CPU and input and output devices

Arithmetic-logic unit: The arithmetic-logic unit performs two types of operations: arithmetic and logical. Arithmetic operations are the fundamental math operations like an addition subtraction, multiplication, and division. Logical operations consist of comparisons such as whether one item is equal to (=), less than (=), or greater than (>) the other.

Define word, clock speed multicore chip, and parallel processing

A word is the number of bits (such as 16, 32, or 64) that can be accessed at one time by the CPU. The mote bits/in a word. the more data a computer can process at one time.

The processing speed of a microprocessor is typically represented by its clock speed, which is related to the number of times the CPU can fetch and process data or instructions in a second,

Many personal computers have multicore processors that can provide two or more separate and independent CPUs. For example, a quad-core processor could have ‘one core computing a complex Excel spreadsheet, a second core creating a report using Word a third core locating a record using Access, and a fourth core running a ‘multimedia presentation all at the same time.

For multicore processors to be used effectively, computers must understand how to divide tasks into parts that can be distributed across each core—an operation called parallel processing

What are specialty processors? Describe coprocessors,

In addition to microprocessor chips, a variety of more Specialized processing chips have been developed.

Coprocessors are specialty chips designed to improve specific computing operations. One of the most widely used is the graphics, coprocess0t also called a GPU (graphics processing unit). These processors are designed to handle a variety of specialized tasks such as displaying 3D images and encrypting data. Powerful GPUs are a standard feature in gaming computers to support fast processing of virtual environments.

What is memory? Name and describe three type

Memory is 2 holding area for data instructions, and information Like microprocessors, memory is contained on chips connected to the system board.

Random-access memory (RAM) chips hold the program (sequence of instructions) and data that the CPU is presently» processing. RAM is called temporary or volatile storage because everything in most types of RAM is lost as soon as the computer is turned off, it is also lost if there is a power failure or other disruption of the electric current going to the computer.

Flash memory offers a combination of the features of RAM and ROM. Like RAN, it can be Updated/to store new information. Like ROM, it does not lose that information when power to the computer system is turned off Flash memory is used for a wide range Of applications. For example, its used to store the start-up instructions for ‘computer. This information is called the system's BIOS (basic input/output system).

Read-only memory (ROM), chips have information stored in them by the ‘manufacturer. Unlike RAM chips, ROM chips are not volatile and cannot be changed by the user.

What are cache memory, DIMM, and virtual memory?

Cache memory improves processing by acting as a ‘temporary high-speed holding area between the memory and the CPU. The Computer detects which information in RAM is most frequently used and then if copies that information into the cache. When needed, the CPU can quickly access the information from the cache

Additional RAM can be added to a computer system by inserting an expansion module called a DIMM (dual in-line memory module) into the system, board. The capacity or amount of RAM is expressed in bytes.

Even if your computer does not have enough RAM to hold a program, it might be able to run the program using virtual memory. Most of today's operating systems support virtual memory. With virtual memory, large programs are divided into parts and the parts are stored on a secondary device, usually a hard disk.