A string of horrifying climate-related disasters has brought a distinctly environmental theme to many people's New Year resolutions

Many have chosen to reduce their carbon footprint by flying less, or cutting out planes completely. Flygskam - the Swedish word for "flight-shame" - has become commonplace.

In August, Swedish climate change campaigner Greta Thunberg set an example by crossing the Atlantic in a zero-emissions yacht.

If she had made the return journey from the UK to New York by air, she would have emitted 11% of the average annual emissions for someone in the UK, or the total caused by someone living in Ghana for a year.

The aviation industry contributes about 2% of the world's carbon emissions, according to the International Air Transport Association (IATA), and this is predicted to rise, with air passenger numbers expected to double by 2037.

More than 22,500 people have pledged to go flight-free in 2020, but in Europe, where cheap air travel reigns supreme, it's not an easy decision to make.

Some governments are getting on board with flygskam and introducing measures to promote train travel.

Last week, Germany announced it would cut long distance rail fares by 10% - the first price decrease in 17 years.

Austria's new green/conservative coalition has promised to expand its rail network and increase the tax on flights - a step towards meeting its target to be carbon-neutral by 2040.

Many of Europe's night train services have gradually been phased out, but Sweden plans to reintroduce a sleeper service to the European mainland.

And this summer, Luxembourg will be the first country to make all public transport free, in a bid to reduce traffic congestion in cities.