Outline
1. Definition of the syllable. The nature of the syllable
2. Different approaches to the syllable
2.1. Expiratory theory
2.2. Sonority theory
2.3. Muscular tension theory
2.4. Loudness theory
3. Syllable formation. Types of the syllable
3.1. Strong and weak syllables
3.2. The schwa vowel
3.3. Close front and close back vowels
3.4. Syllable consonants
4. Phonotactics
5. Rules of syllable division
Literature:
Roach P., English Phonetics and Phonology
p. 70-92
Ladefoged P., Johnson K., A course in phonetics
p. 243-249
Sokolova M.A., English Phonetics. A theoretical course
p. 112-121
Practice:
Roach P., Audio Unit 9. Weak Syllables
Seminar 6
Word Stress in English
Outline
1. The nature of word stress
2. The principles of word stress
3. The placement of word stress
4. Degrees of words stress
5. Different tendencies in word stress
6. Rules of word stress in English
6.1. In two-syllable words
6.2. In three-syllable words
6.3. In complex words
6.4. In compound words
7. Word stress and sentence stress
Literature:
Roach P., English Phonetics and Phonology
p. 93-111
Ladefoged P., Johnson K., A course in phonetics
p. 249-253
Sokolova M.A., English Phonetics. A theoretical course
p. 121-135
Practice:
Roach P., Audio Unit 10. Word stress
Audio Unit 11. Complex word stress
Seminar 7 (1)
English Intonation
Outline
1. The definition of intonation. Tone and tone languages.
2. The intonation pattern (tone unit). The structure of intonation pattern (tone unit)
2.1. The nucleus
2.1.1. Fall-rise and rise-fall tones
2.1.2. Complex tones and pitch heights
2.1.3. Some functions of English tones
2.2. The tail
2.3. The head (high and low heads)
2.4. The pre-head
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3. Problems in analyzing the form of intonation
4. Autosegmental treatment of intonation
Literature:
Roach P., English Phonetics and Phonology
p. 150-182
Ladefoged P., Johnson K., A course in phonetics
p. 254-261
Sokolova M.A., English Phonetics. A theoretical course
p. 135-163
Practice:
Roach P., Audio Unit 15. Tones
Audio Unit 16. The tone-unit
Seminar 7 (2)
English Intonation
Outline
1. Two basic tunes
2. Prosodic constituents of the intonation
2.1. Sentence stress
2.2. Tempo and pausation
2.3. Loudness
2.4. Timbre (voice quality)
2.5. Rhythm
3. Phrasing and textual organization
4. Notation
5. Functions of intonation
6. Stylistic use of intonation
Literature:
Roach P., English Phonetics and Phonology
p. 192-204
Ladefoged P., Johnson K., A course in phonetics
p. 254-261
Sokolova M.A., English Phonetics. A theoretical course
p. 135-163
Practice:
Roach P., Audio Unit 17. Intonation
Audio Unit 18. Intonation